| Notes |
- PRDH: 227988
https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Cormier-12 :
Biographie
François est né vers 1672 probablement à Port-Royal, Acadie (Annapolis Royal, Nouvelle-Écosse, Canada).[3] Ses parents Thomas et Marie-Madeleine Girouard étaient parmi les premiers colons de Beaubassin (Amherst, Nouvelle-Écosse)[11]. Leur ferme était située à Ouescoque (Pointe Amherst).[12]
Vers 1692, François épousa Marguerite LeBlanc, fille de Jacques LeBlanc et de Catherine Hébert. En quatre ans, les jeunes mariés seraient témoins des effets de l’attaque de Beaubassin. Lorsque les navires anglais ont été vus, les habitants ont fui, emportant leurs objets de valeur. L’Église et quelques maisons ont été incendiées et des animaux ont été abattus. On ne sait pas comment cette famille a été affectée.
En 1704, la famille serait témoin des effets de la deuxième attaque de Beaubassin. Il y a eu une escarmouche et les habitants se sont retirés dans les bois, y apportant leurs objets de valeur. Encore une fois, l'église a été incendiée et les animaux ont été abattus.
Entre 1693 et 1723 environ, le couple a eu 14 enfants: Marguerite, Marie, Pierre (dit Rossignol), Anne, Catherine, Cécile, une fille inconnue, Paul, François, Joseph, Isabelle, Jean, Marie, et Marie-Josèphe.[3] Dans les recensements (1693-1714), on voit que la famille habite près de la mère de François et de ses frères et sœurs , probablement à Ouescoque.
Après le traité d'Utrecht, où il y avait la domination britannique permanente, les Cormier ont décidé de rester à Beaubassin comme neutres français. Les habitants de Beaubassin ont connu des décennies de paix et de prospérité. Beaubassin devient la région acadienne qui élève le plus de bétail et l'une de celles qui produisent le plus de céréales. Les Acadiens de la région se livrent au commerce des fourrures avec les Mi'kmaq et les Malécite. Ils troquent leurs surplus de bêtes, de grain et de fourrures avec les marchands des camps français et britannique.[10]
François est mort avant le 24 novembre 1733.[3]
Timeline
c1672 Birth, in Port-Royal
1687 War of the League of Augsburg (King William’s War) starts between England and France[13]
c1692 Marriage to Marguerite LeBlanc
c1693 birth, daughter Marguerite
c1694 birth, daughter Marie
c1695 birth, son Pierre (dit Rossignol)
1696 Benjamin Church raids Beaubassin. Once the English ships were seen, the inhabitants fled, carrying their more valuable possessions. Church “…stayed nine days and in his own account …admitted that the settlers’ ”cattle sheep, hogs, and dogs” were left ”lying dead about their houses, chopped and hacked with hatches". The church and some of the houses were also burnt. [13]
1697 Treaty of Ryswick restores Acadia to France; Port-Royal is its capital[14]
c1698 birth, daughter Anne
a1700 birth, daughter Catherine
a1703 birth, daughter Cécile
1702 War of the Spanish Succession (Queen Anne’s War) starts between England and France[14]
1704: Church raids Beaubassin again: “The Acadians were in arms and an indecisive skirmish ensued. After the Acadians retreated into the woods, Church and his men found that the inhabitants had removed as much of their household and farm goods as possible. Church set the buildings on fire [20]and killed about 100 cattle before leaving to return to Boston” [13]
b1707 birth, daughter unknown name
'b1708 birth, son Paul
c1710 birth, son François
1710 Siege of Port-Royal; French surrender the Fort. Port-Royal, Acadia becomes Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia’’[14]
a1712 birth, son Joseph
’’1713: Treaty of Utrecht. France cedes Acadia to England. Permanent British rule’’[[15]
1715: Delegates from Beaubassin sign a conditional oath of allegiance, promising to stay true to the King of Great Britain for as long as they stayed in Nova Scotia, and to remain neutral in the event of a conflict between France and Great Britain
1713-1744: Golden Age[16] of Acadian Growth and Prosperity. Beaubassin is productive in raising cattle, growing grain, and trading fur with the Mi’kmaq and Maliseet. Surpluses are traded with both the English (Bay of Fundy) and the French (Baie Vert).[10]
b1715 birth, daughter Isabelle
1718 birth, son Jean
1722 birth, daughter Marie
c1723 birth, daughter Marie-Josèphe
1720 and onward: Acadians refuse to sign an unconditional oath of allegiance. This is tolerated by the British as they lack military means to enforce the oath.[17]
b1733 death
Sources
? Tim Hebert; Transcription of the 1686 Acadian Census, at Port-Royal, Acadie 1686 Census Transcribed. The original census can be found at Acadian Census microfilm C-2572 of the National Archives of Canada “Acadie Recensements 1671 – 1752”, Images 15-60.
at Beaubassin: Thomas CORMIER 55, Magdelaine GIROUARD 37; children: Magdeleine 18. Francois 16, Alexis 14, Marie 12, Germain 10, Pierre 8, Angelique 4, twins Marie and Jeanne 1; 4 guns, 40 arpents, 30 cattle, 10 sheep, 15 hogs.
? Tim Hebert; Transcription of the 1693 Acadian Census, at Port-Royal, Acadie 1693 Census Transcribed. The original census can be found at Acadian Census microfilm C-2572 of the National Archives of Canada “Acadie Recensements 1671 – 1752”, Images 62-108
at Beaubassin: Francois CORMIER 21, Marguerite LEBLANC his wife 23, Marie 3 months; 6 cattle, 4 sheep, 10 arpents, 1 gun
? 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 White, Stephen A., Patrice Gallant, and Hector-J Hébert. Dictionnaire Généalogique Des Familles Acadiennes. Moncton, N.-B.: Centre D'études Acadiennes, Université De Moncton, 1999, Print, p401-403.
? Tim Hebert; Transcription of the 1698 Acadian Census, at Port-Royal, Acadie1698 Census Transcribed. The original census can be found at Acadian Census microfilm C-2572 of the National Archives of Canada “Acadie Recensements 1671 – 1752”, Images 110-150
at Beaubassin: Francois CORMIER 26; Marguerite LEBLANC (wife) 22; Marguerite 5; Marie 4; Pierre 3; Anne 5 months; 10 cattle, 2 sheep, 4 hogs, 7 1/2 arpents, 1 gun.
? Tim Hebert; Transcription of the 1700 Acadian Census, at Port-Royal, Acadie 1700 Census Transcribed. The original census can be found at Acadian Census microfilm C-2572 of the National Archives of Canada “Acadie Recensements 1671 – 1752”, Images 151-173.
at Beaubassin: François CORMIER 28; Marguerite LEBLANC (wife) 24; Piere 5; Marguerite 7; Marie 6; Anne 3; 12 cattle, 8 sheep, 3 hogs, 15 arpents, 1 gun.
? (Note: the Tim Hebert transcription incorrectly indicates 1 girl and 2 boys. The original census and DGFA show 1 boy and 2 girls) Tim Hebert; Transcription of the 1701 Acadian Census, at Port-Royal, Acadie 1701 Census Transcription. The original census can be found at Acadian Census microfilm C-2572 of the National Archives of Canada “Acadie Recensements 1671 – 1752”, Image 202.
Francois CORMIER, his wife, 1 boy, 2 girls, 7 arpents, 13 cattle, 10 sheep, 5 hogs, 1 gun.
? Tim Hebert; Transcription of the 1703 Acadian Census, at Port-Royal, Acadie 1703 Census Transcription. The original census can be found at Acadian Census microfilm C-2572 of the National Archives of Canada “Acadie Recensements 1671 – 1752”, Images 212-220.
at Beaubassin: Franc. [Francois] CORMIER, his wife. 1 boy, 5 girls, 2 arms bearers
? Tim Hebert; Transcription of the 1707 Acadian Census, at Port-Royal, Acadie 1707 Census Transcription. The original census can be found at Acadian Census microfilm C-2572 of the National Archives of Canada “Acadie Recensements 1671 – 1752”, Images 221-237.
at Beaubassin: Francois CORMIER and Anne LEBLANC, 1 boy less than 14, 2 girls 12 or older, 4 younger girls; 8 arpents, 20 cattle, 20 sheep, 20 hogs.
? Tim Hebert; Transcription of the 1714 Acadian Census, at Port-Royal, Acadie 1714 Census Transcription. The original census can be found at Acadian Census microfilm C-2572 of the National Archives of Canada “Acadie Recensements 1671 – 1752”, Images 239-261.
at Beaubassin: Francois CORMIER and Margueritte LeBLANC his spouse; children: Pierre, Anne, Catherine, Cecile, Paul, Francois, Joseph.
? 10.0 10.1 10.2 Régis Brun with contributions by AJB Johnston and E Clarke, "Fort Beauséjour/Fort Cumberland: Une Histoire/A History", Société du Monument Lefebvre in Collaboration with Parks Canada, PDF, accessed online in March 2020 at http://parkscanadahistory.com/brochures/beausejour/booklet-history-c1991.pdf
? Stephen A. White, "La généalogie des trente-sept familles hôtesses des 'Retrouvailles ‘94'" in Les Cahiers de la Société historique acadienne, vol. 25, nos 2 et 3 (1994) CORMIER, 37 Families
? Surette, Paul. Atlas of the Acadian Settlement of the Beaubassin 1660 to 1755. Tintamarre and Le Lac. Tantramar Heritage Trust. 2005, p 44-45 (Ouesqoque homestead at Amherst Point).
? 13.0 13.1 13.2 Griffiths, Naomi E.S., From migrant to Acadian : a North-American border people, 1604-1755, Montreal (Québec), McGill-Queen's University Press, 2005, p147-151 (King William’s War); p 164 (1696 Church raid of Beaubassin); p 208 (1704 Church’s Raid on Beaubassin)
? 14.0 14.1 14.2 Dunn, Brenda. A History of Port Royal / Annapolis Royal 1605-1800. Nimbus Publishing, p 44-45; (1697 Treaty of Ryswick); p 52-53 (1702 Queen Anne’s War); p. 82-85 (1710 Siege of PR).
? http://cfml.ci.umoncton.ca/1755-html/indexc15f.html?id=010201000&lang=en&style=G&admin=false&linking= The Neutrality: Political Context, in 1755 l'Histoire et les Histoires, University of Moncton]
? Griffiths, Naomie E.S. The Contexts of Acadian History 1686-1784.Published for the Center for Canadian Studies Mount Allison University, Montreal: McGill-Queens University Press, 1992, p61 (golden age);
? The Neutrality: Political Context, 1755 Histoire et Les Histoires, University of Moncton
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