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- https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bourgeois-8 :
Jacques "Jacob" Bourgeois
Born about 1619 in Francemap [uncertain]
Son of Nicolas Jacques (Grandjehan) Grandjehan Bourgeois [uncertain] and Marguerite (Bourgeois) Parie dit Bourgeois [uncertain]
Brother of Marie Bourgeois and Barbe Bourgeois
Husband of Jeanne Trahan — married about 1643 in Acadie, Nouvelle-Francemap
DESCENDANTS descendants
Father of Jeanne Bourgeois, Charles Bourgeois, Germain Bourgeois, Marie Bourgeois, Guillaume Bourgeois, Marguerite Bourgeois, Françoise Bourgeois, Anne Bourgeois, Marie Bourgeois and Jeanne Bourgeois
Died about 1701 at about age 82 in Port-Royal, Acadie, Nouvelle-Francemap
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Profile last modified 20 May 2022 | Created 11 Jun 2010
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Jacques Bourgeois is an Acadian.
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Contents
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1 Discussion
2 Biography
3 Enfants / Children
4 Timeline of Acadia
5 Biographie
6 Étymologie & héraldique / Etymology & heraldry
7 Sources
Discussion
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There are three differing opinions on the year of birth, origins and parentage of Jacques Bourgeois:
1. In 1994 and 1999, Stephen White stated that Jacques Bourgeois' parents are unknown. He indicates that Jacques was born around 1619, showing the years of birth derived from the censuses ranging from 1616 to 1621 as follows:
1671 census, at Port-Royal - 50 years old, i.e. b. ~1621
1686 census, at Port-Royal - 67 years old, i.e. b. ~1619
1693 census, at Port-Royal - 74 years old, i.e. b. ~1619
1698 census, at Beaubassin - 82 years old, i.e. b. ~1616.
White has made no corrections to this information as of May 2014.[1][2]
2. René Perron, a French genealogist and Paul-Pierre Bourgeois of Grande-Digue, New Brunswick (Book: “À la recherche des Bourgeois d'Acadie”), point out new information refuting the previously held view that a Jacques Bourgeois, father, and a Jacques Bourgeois, son, both came to Acadia in the early 1600's. Rather, they say, a single Jacques Bourgeois, the surgeon, arrived in 1641 aboard the St-Francois from La Rochelle and that he was born on Jan. 7, 1621 in La Ferte-Gaucher, a parish of Saint- Romain, the illegitimate son of Nicolas Grandjehan and Marguerite Bourgeois.[3]. This view is supported by several citations in Karen Theriot Readers entries [4] and [5][6]
On 26 Jun 2015 at 18:49 GMT Donna (Friebel) Storz wrote via a post on this profile: In March I wrote Stephen A. White regarding the baptism record and this is his response:
"Regarding the baptismal record of which you forwarded me a copy, I see nothing in it that indicates that the child in question was subsequently known as Jacques Bourgeois, and even if he did come to be so known, there is nothing in the articles of René Perron (± De Germain Doucet à Jacques Bourgeois , Cahiers de la Société historique acadienne, vol. XXII (1991), p. 86-114; ± Bourgeois & Doucet : à Bassevelle, des suites suprenantes , ibidem, vol. XXIII (1992), p. 27-46; et ± Découverte d’un Jacob Bourgeois à La Ferté-Gaucher, critiques et commentaires, ibidem, vol. XXIII (1992), p. 95-103) that provides any solid indication that he might have been the same Jacques Bourgeois who emigrated to Acadia. That is why my Dictionnaire généalogique des familles acadiennes shows no origine for our ancestor Jacques Bourgeois. There must be at least a degree of probability of identity, in addition to a mere possibility, before such can be included in a publication like mine, particularly where, as here, the ancestor’s name was such a common one." It seems we may want to revise the parental links (and perhaps make them so people can't reinsert the parents.)
3. In 1969 Clément Cormier[7] asserted that there were two Jacques (father and son), who immigrated to Acadia. The father later returned to France.[8]
Another date and place was entered by Gloria McGlaughlin of Jan 6, 1621 at Conflancs-en-Brye, France. She has no specific source for this, leaving it here in case something can be found (Bourque-573 17:40, 12 September 2019 (UTC))
Biography
Flag of France
Jacques Bourgeois migrated from France to Acadia.
Flag of Acadia
Jacques dit Jacob BOURGEOIS
was born in France in about 1619-1621 (see Discussion above). He was the first of the Bourgeois family to arrive in Acadie.[2]He arrived at Port Royal, Acadie on July 6, 1641. There are two dates documented: 1) Account of the payments to the crew (Including Bourgeois) which departed May 7 1641 on the Saint-François from the port of La Rochelle[9] ; and 2) A deposition dated July 31, 1699[10] states Jacques Bourgeois had come to Canada during 1642. Stephen White uses the date closest to the time of the event. He was travelling with the governor of Acadia, Charles de Menou d'Aulnay[11], who was leading a convoy of four ships. Jacques came to establish and practice surgery[12]
He married Jeanne Trahan at Port-Royal in 1643. :He had 10 children with Jeanne; seven girls and three boys. [1]
At Port-Royal, Jacques became a fur trader and merchant. He eventually built lumber and flour mills. He traded with Bostonians; learning their language and becoming an interpreter for French and English[13]. He also traded with the Micmac Indians. [14] [3].
In 1646, Jacques and Jeanne were granted an island called île aux Cochons, situated in the Dauphin River (today Annapolis River) upstream from Port-Royal.[15][16]
Founder of Beaubassin
In 1671, Jacques, founded the "Bourgeois colony" with his two sons (Charles & Germain) and established the colony with several other European families[17]. In 1672, he sold a part of his land in Port-Royal to settle in Chignecto isthmus, where he built a flour-mill and saw-mill. This region had fertile marshes and high ground for farming. The northeast coast of the isthmus (Shediac) was a relay station in sea communications between Acadia and Canada for strategic commanding the isthmus and Bay of Fundy. Later, the Beaubassin region (south of Shediac and west of Chigneto) became the most prosperous place in Acadia. The Bourgeois colony became Beaubassin, when Michel Leneuf de la Vallière de Beaubassin, was in 1676 granted the seigneurie de Beaubassin. [3].The settlement was near the border separating present day New Brunswick from Nova Scotia.
After the establishment at Beaubassin, although they kept farms at the new settlement, Jacques and his son, Guillaume, returned to live at Port Royal, found there in 1671[18], 1678[19]1686[20], and 1693[21]. In 1698 Jacques is living at Beaubassin with son Germain[22], but he returned to Port-Royal before his death before 1700.[1]Jacques died in 1701 at Port Royal, Acadia, New-France, an octogenarian. [23]
Jacques' other two sons, Charles and Germain, stay in Beaubassin with their families. A clause in the title to the seigneurie's land grant protected the interests of Jacques Bourgeois and the other Acadian settlers established on the domain[24] so that competition between adjacent factions soon merged into one.[7]
Family Legacy
Most of the grandchildren of Jacques Bourgeois were deported in 1755 to the New England colonies. Many of these deportees returned to Canada and the Bourgeois name is now common in south-eastern New Brunswick, in Quebec in Lanaudiere region, along the shores of the Richelieu River and in the Magdeleine Islands, and in eastern Ontario. Other deportees made their way to Louisiana and in St-Pierre-et-Miquelon.[3]
Enfants / Children
Union avec / with Jeanne Trahan: [1]
Jeanne b ~1644 Port-Royal
Charles b ~1646 Port-Royal
Germain b ~1650 Port-Royal
Marie b ~1652 Port-Royal
Guillaume b ~1655 Port-Royal
Marguerite b ~1658 Port-Royal
Françoise b ~1659 Port-Royal
Anne b ~1661 Port-Royal
Marie b ~1665 Port-Royal
Jeanne b ~1667 Port-Royal
Timeline of Acadia
1632 Treaty Saint-Germain-en-Laye cedes Acadia to France; Isaac de Razilly brings ~300 elite men.[25]
1636 Arrival of the first French families to settle permanently.[26]
1654 British capture Port-Royal; French settlement ceases.[27]
1667-70 Treaty of Breda cedes Acadia to the French; settlement resumes.[28]
1670’s-1690’s Available farmland decreases; some leave Port-Royal to establish new villages: Beaubassin (1671); Grand-Pré and Pigiguit (1680); Chipoudie (1698), and Cobeguit and Petcoudiac (1699).[29]
1687 War of the League of Augsburg (King William’s War) starts between England and France.[30]
1690 Sir William Phips captures and sacks Port-Royal, coerces inhabitants' oaths of allegiance to English Crown, sets up local Peacekeeping Council and leaves within 12 days.[31] Seaman from two ships later loot and burn between 28 and 35 homes/habitations including the parish church.[16]”
1697 Treaty of Ryswick restores Acadia to France; Port-Royal is its capital.[16]
Voir aussi chronologie au lien Acadie ou L'Acadie, région du Canada (touristique).
Biographie
Jacques dit Jacob BOURGEOIS (1621 - <1700)
Jacques (Jacob) Bourgeois est un chirurgien militaire considéré comme l’ancêtre des Bourgeois acadiens. Arrivé en Acadie le 6 juillet 1641 sur le navire Saint-François, il épousera vers 1643, Jeanne Trahan , venue en Acadie vers 1636 avec ses parents. Le couple aura une dizaine d’enfants. Si Jacques exerce sa profession, il est aussi cultivateur et marchand, profitant du commerce auquel il s’adonne avec les Micmacs dans la baie de Fundy. En 1672, il fonde la ± colonie Bourgeois qui devient Beaubassin. Tout au long de sa vie, le pionnier, entreprenant et prospère, sera au service de la colonie . Jacques et sa femme décède avant 1700.[32]
Étymologie & héraldique / Etymology & heraldry
Étymologie / Etymology
A ± bourgeois originally meant someone who lived in a "bourg" or town.[33][34] Starting in the XIIth century, a ± bourgeois designates a social class, which with the march of time becomes increasingly more influential through commerce, land ownership and family alliances.[33] During Louis XIV's reign, the influence of the ± bourgeois penetrates on a par with blood-line royalty into the most important public and ministerial roles. Whether a merchant, a seigneur or a high-rank military officer in the service of the King, the good fortune of the sons of the ± bourgeois are generally better with each new generation.[33] In modern times, the term morphs into a family name.[33]
In the days of the voyageurs, the fur traders are known as les ± bourgeois .[35]
Bourgeois Family Crest
The three colored sails and the star represent the Acadian flag
The Franciscan cord and the ship represent the Saint-Francois that brought Jacques Bourgeois to Acadia.
Ten waves represent the ten children of Jacques Jacob Bourgeois and Jeanne Trahan.
Bourgeois Coat of Arms was granted in 1998[36]
The colors represent Acadia. The horizontal wavy band represents the sea, which linked France to New France. It also alludes to Beaubassin, which was founded by the first ancestor, Jacques Bourgeois.
The symbolism of the Acadian star requires no explanation.
The Franciscan cord refers to the Saint-Francois ship on which Jacques Bourgeois crossed the sea to settle at Port-Royal in 1641.
The fleam identifies his profession of surgeon.
The Maltese cross represents the Coutran Commandery of the Order of Malta at La Ferté-Gaucher. It is possible that Jacques Bourgeois received his surgeon training at the school of the Commandery.
The motto is “Attaining the ideal together”
Sources
? 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 White, Stephen A., Patrice Gallant, and Hector-J Hébert. Dictionnaire Généalogique Des Familles Acadiennes. Moncton, N.-B.: Centre D'études Acadiennes, Université De Moncton, 1999, Print p.251-253
? 2.0 2.1 White, Stephen A. La généalogie des trente-sept familles hôtesses des "Retrouvailles 94", Les Cahiers de la Société historique acadienne, vol. 25, nos 2 et 3 (1994). Bourgeois, p. 1, 37 Families
? 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Bulletin / Newsletter de l'Association des Bourgeois de Descendance Acadien (ABDA) / Association of Bourgeois of Acadian Descent (ABAD)histoire-de-bourgeois.ca (login required)
? Karen Theriot Reader about Jacques Bourgeois
? Karen Theriot Reader (citing Perron 1997) that Jacques was born at La Ferté-Gaucher, baptized on 8 Jan 1621 at St-Romain Catholic Church. Perron cites own articles in Les Cahiers de la Société historique acadienne. vol. 22, no. 4 (199 1) and vol. 23, no. 1 (1992). Here is the baptism record referred to:
Baptism Entry for Jacob Bourgeois
? Perron, F. René ( 6 Mars 2007). Lettre de F. René Perron, généalogiste français renommé, en réponse à l’enquête de Michele Doucette sur les origines de Germain Doucet, Sieur de La Verdure in doucetfamily.org website
? 7.0 7.1 Clément Cormier, “BOURGEOIS, JACQUES,” in Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 2, University of Toronto/Université Laval, 2003–, accessed September 15, 2019, http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/bourgeois_jacques_2E.html Cormier 1969].
? To do: I have not yet obtained the article. Follow up article René Perron, in Le Réveil Acadien; vol. XIII, no. 1 (Feb 1997); p. 11.
? Website of Francois Roux has an image of the original three-page passenger list of the "Saint-Francois" P 3.
Jacques BOURGEOIS, surgeon, who was to be given 45 sous per year and received in advance the sum of 17: 4.
? White, Stephen A. English Supplement to the Dictionnaire Genealogique Des Familles Acadiennes, Part I 1636 to 1714, Centre D'études Acadiennes, 2000. Print. p. 56. Own Copy
According to a deposition of July 31, 1699, Jacques Bourgeois had come to Acadia during the year 1642 (sic) "to settle there and practise surgery."
? Declarations de Belle-Isle-en-Mer, Remarks of the Copyist, Item I.Déclarations de Belle-Isle-en-Mer
. . . Others seem to have been brought to the colony by Aulnay (1641): our descendants, the DOUCETS, the BOURGEOIS, the PETITPAS, the BOUDROTS, perhaps also the HEBERTS, the BLANCHARDS, the DUPUIS. . . .
? White, Stephen A., Patrice Gallant, and Hector-J Hébert. Dictionnaire Généalogique Des Familles Acadiennes. Moncton, N.-B.: Centre D'études Acadiennes, Université De Moncton, 1999, Print p.253 citing Archives nationales de France Col, C11D, Vol III, Fol 191.
? Jacques (Jacob) Bourgeois, Wikipédia, article
? Acadians In Gray citing Hodson, Acadian Diaspora, pp. 29-30. See also Baudry, "Des Friches de Meneval," in DCB, 2:184; Donald F. Chard, "Nelson, John," in DCB, 2:493-94, & online, quote on 2:494; Griffiths, From Migrant to Acadian, 107, 120, 132;
? Rameau de Saint-Père, Edme. A Fuedal Colony in America (L'Acadie, 1604-1710), Didier & Cie. Paris Rameau 1877, see e,g, p. 157 Une colonie féodale en Amérique (L'Acadie, 1604-1710)
? 16.0 16.1 16.2 Dunn, Brenda (2004). A History of Port-Royal / Annapolis Royal 1605-1800. Nimbus Publishing
pp. vii, ix,1-12; early European settlement
p. 18; land grant to Jacques Bourgeois
pp. 40,43; 1693, Port-Royal raid
pp. 44-45; 1697, Treaty of Ryswick
pp. 52-53; 1702, Queen Anne’s War
pp. 61-62; 1704, Blockade of Port-Royal
pp. 71-73; 1707, Attack on Port-Royal
pp. 82-85; 1710, Siege of Port-Royal.
? Beaubassin History
? Tim Hebert; Transcription of the 1671 Acadian Census, at Port-Royal, Acadie. 1671 Census Transcribed. The original census can be found at Census microfilm C-2572 of the National Archives of Canada “Acadie Recensements 1671 – 1752” Images 3-14.
at Port-Royal - Jacob Bourgeois, Surgeon, 50; his wife Jeanne Trahan 40. Children (one son and one daughter are married) - Jeanne 27, and Charles 25; then Germain 21, Marie 19, Guillaume 16, Marguerite 13, Francoise 12, Anne 10, Marie 7, Jeanne 4; cattle 33, sheep 24, more or less 20 arpents of cultivated land at two different locations.
? Tim Hebert; 1678 Port Royal Acadian Census noting that the correlations for this census were done by Rev. Clarence J. d'Entremont, Fairhaven, Massachusetts.1678 Census
at Port-Royal. (Only his wife and two youngest daughters are still living with him.) - Jacques Bourgeois & Jeanne Trahan, 20 acres, 15 cattle, 2 girls, age 15- born 1663, age 12 born 1666.
? Tim Hebert; Transcription of the 1686 Acadian Census, at Port-Royal, Acadie 1686 Census Transcribed. The original census can be found at Acadian Census microfilm C-2572 of the National Archives of Canada “Acadie Recensements 1671 – 1752”, Images 15-60.
at Port-Royal - (Living with his wife and his 31 year old son Guillaume.) Jacob Bourgeois 67, Jeanne Trahan 57; child. Guillaume 31; 20 arpents.
? Tim Hebert; Transcription of the 1693 Acadian Census, at Port-Royal, Acadie 1693 Census Transcribed. The original census can be found at Acadian Census microfilm C-2572 of the National Archives of Canada “Acadie Recensements 1671 – 1752”, Images 62-108
at Port-Royal - Jacob Bourgeois 74, Jeanne Trahan his wife 64, Jeanne his granddaughter 3; 15 cattle, 20 sheep, 15 hogs, 40 arpents, 1 gun.
? Tim Hebert; Transcription of the 1698 Acadian Census, at Port-Royal, Acadie1698 Census Transcribed. The original census can be found at Acadian Census microfilm C-2572 of the National Archives of Canada “Acadie Recensements 1671 – 1752”, Images 110-166
at Beaubassin, Acadia - Sieur Jacques BOURGEOIS 82; Jeanne TRAHAN his wife 72. Germain BOURGEOIS 48; Madeleine DUGAS his wife 34; Guillaume 24; Agnes 12; 22 cattle, 15 hogs, 21 arpents, 3 guns, 1 servant.
? White, Stephen A., Patrice Gallant, and Hector-J Hébert. Dictionnaire Généalogique Des Familles Acadiennes. Moncton, N.-B.: Centre D'études Acadiennes, Université De Moncton, 1999, Print. P. 251 citing Belle-Ile-en-Mer Declaration (according to C. Cormier).
? Griffiths, Naomi E.S (2005). From migrant to Acadian : a North-American border people, 1604-1755, McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP, p. 79Land Restrictions
? George MacBeath, “RAZILLY (Rasilly), ISAAC DE,” in Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 1, University of Toronto/Université Laval, 2003–, accessed September 15, 2019, http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/razilly_isaac_de_1E.html Isaac de Razilly
? Massignon 1962, p. 32
? William I. Roberts, 3rd, “SEDGWICK, ROBERT,” in Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 1, University of Toronto/Université Laval, 2003–, accessed September 15, 2019, http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/sedgwick_robert_1E.html Sedgwick
? In collaboration, “MORILLON DU BOURG,” in Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 1, University of Toronto/Université Laval, 2003–, accessed September 15, 2019, Bourg de Morillon, accessed November 20, 2013
? Pioneer Families
? Griffiths 2005, pp. 147-151 (King William’s War); pp. 267-268 (oaths of allegiance).
? C. P. Stacey, “PHIPS, SIR WILLIAM,” in Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 1, University of Toronto/Université Laval, 2003–, accessed September 15, 2019, Phips
? Texte de ce paragraphe est tiré de Labelle-Martin.
? 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.3 Labelle-Martin, p. 1
? Memoire du Quebec website bourgeois étymologie
? Les bourgeois, Parks Canada
? Coat of Arms
See Also:
Arsenault, Bona (1955). L' Acadie des ancêtres : avec la généalogie des premières familles acadiennes, Le Conseil de la Vie Française en Amérique, Université Laval, Québec
Bourgeois, Marc Bourgeois Family HIstory
Bourgeois, Marc (ABDA / ABAD President, Printemps / Spring 2016). "L'Importance historique de Jacques Jacob Bourgeois et de la colonie Bourgeois, ultérieurement Beaubassin" / "The Historic Importance of Jacques Jacob Bourgeois and of the Bourgeois Colony, later Beaubassin"], Le Bourgeois, No. 37, pp. 11-20, ISBN 1205-7045 https://www.histoire-de-bourgeois.ca/ (login required)
Bourgeois, Paul-Pierre (1994). À la Recherche Des Bourgeois D'Acadie (1641 À 1800)', Société Historique de Grande-Digue, 1994 2ième édition, 159 pp., ISBN 0919488544, ISBN 978091948854 À la Recherche Des Bourgeois D'Acadie
crc-canada.net website, Études spéciales, Acadian History summary
Massignon, Geneviève. "Les parlers français d'Acadie, enquête linguistique", Librairie Klincksieck, Paris, 1962, 2 tomes. p32 first French families in Acadia
Ancestry.com, Ancestry.com, tid 0= 89229671, pid=482, (subscription required for access)
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